\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Basic Notions and Notation}{4}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1}Global Parameters for the Given Specification}{4}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2}Formalization of Arguments}{5}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3}Notation of Concrete Examples}{5}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4}Quasi-Orderings}{5}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Toward an Intuitive Notion of Specificity}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.1}Arguments as an Intuitive Abstraction}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2}Activation Sets}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.3}Isolation of the Defeasible Parts of a Derivation}{7}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.1}Precise Isolation in And-Trees}{7}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.2}A first approximation of Activation Sets}{7}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.3}Growth of the Defeasible Parts toward the Leaves}{8}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.4}Preference of the ``More Concise''}{8}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.5}Preference of the ``More Precise''}{10}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {3.3.6}Conclusion on the Preferences}{10}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4}Requirements Specification of Specificity in Logic Programming}{11}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5}Formalizations of Specificity}{12}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.1}Activation Sets}{12}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2}{\sc Poole}'s Specificity Relation P1,\\and its Minor Corrections P2 and P3}{13}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3}Our Novel Specificity Ordering CP}{16}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4}Relation between the Specificity Relations P3 and CP}{18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6}Putting Specificity to Test w.r.t.\ Human Intuition}{20}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.1}Implementation of the Preference of the ``More Concise''}{20}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2}Monotonicity of Preference w.r.t.\ Conjunction}{22}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.3}Implementation of the Preference of the ``More Precise''}{23}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4}Conflict between the ``More Concise'' and the ``More Precise''}{25}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.5}Why Global Effect matters more than Fine Structure}{26}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7}Efficiency Considerations}{27}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.1}A minor Gain in Efficiency}{27}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {7.2}Comparing Derivations}{27}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {7.2.1}No Pruning Required}{27}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {7.2.2}Sets of derivations have to be compared}{28}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {7.2.3}Path Criteria?}{28}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8}Conclusion}{30}
\contentsline {section}{References}{30}